Python学习笔记（一）----Python基础知识相关

一：Python基础

            
              import os;

########字符串##########
print("Hello,Python")
str = "this is a str"
str1 = 'this is a str1'
str2 = """this is a str2"""
print(str)
print(str1)
print(str, str1, str2)
print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)

########列表List##########
list = ['runoob', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.2]
tinylist = [123, 'john']
print(list, tinylist)
print(list[0])
print(list[1:])
print(list[1:3])
print(tinylist * 5)
print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)

########元组##########
tuple = ('runoob', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.2)  # 只读列表， 不可二次赋值
list = ['runoob', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.2]
print(list)
# tuple[2] = 1000    # 元组中是非法应用
list[2] = 1000  # 列表中是合法应用
print(list)
print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)

########字典##########
dict = {}
dict['one'] = "This is one"
dict[2] = "This is two"
tinydict = {'name': 'jasun', 'code': 6734, 'dept': 'sales'}  # 类似json格式
print(dict)
print(dict['one'])
print(dict[2])
print(tinydict.keys(), tinydict.values(), tinydict.get("name"))
print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)

########条件语句##########
tag = False
name = "jasun"
if name == "ljx":
    tag = True
    print(tag, name)
else:
    print(tag, name)

var = 100
if var == 99:
    print("var is 99")
elif var != 100:
    print("var is not 100")
else:
    print("var is 100")

var1 = 5
if var1 > 5 and var1 < 2:
    print("this is not exits ")
else:
    print("var1 values is ", var1)
print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)

########Python for 循环语句##########
for letter in 'jasun':  # 第一个实例
    if letter == "u":
        break  # 跳出当前循环
    print(letter)

fruits = ['banana', 45, 3.21]
for fruit in fruits:  # 第二个实例
    print(fruit)
# 通过索引遍历
for index in range(len(fruits)):
    print(fruits[index])

print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)


########Python 函数##########
def printStr(st):
    print(st)


printStr(False)
printStr("jasun")
printStr(5)
printStr(5.123)


# age默认参数 ， *more不定长参数
def printMoreStr(name, age=21, *more):
    print(name)
    print(age)
    for m in more:
        print(m)
    return


printMoreStr(name="jasun", age=1111)
printMoreStr(1717, 12, 12, 12, 12, )

# 匿名函数
sumLa = lambda la1, la2: la1 + la2
print(sumLa(3, 4))
print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)

########文件I / O##########
# inp = input("请输入...\n")
# print(inp)
# 打开关闭文件
file = open("D:\ip.txt")
print(file.name)
print(file.readlines(4))
file.close()

# import os
os.rmdir("d:\os")
os.mkdir("d:\os")

# 异常处理
try:
    fh = open("d:\ip.txt", "w")
    fh.write("这是一个测试文件，用于测试异常!!")
except IOError:
    print("IOError")
else:
    print("文件写入成功")
    fh.close()
finally:
    print("finally语句块被执行")
print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)


            
          

二：Python面向对象

            
              ########类的继承##########

class Parent:
    parentAttr = 100

    def __init__(self):
        print("调用父类构造方法")

    def parentMethod(self):
        print("调用父类的method")

    def setAttr(self, attr):
        Parent.parentAttr = attr

    def getAttr(self):
        print("获取parentAttr :", Parent.parentAttr)

    def printStr(self):
        print("基类的printStr")

    def testParentExtends(self):
        print("测试python继承多个类testParentExtends")


class Child(Parent):
    def __init__(self):
        print("调用子类的的构造")

    def childMethod(self):
        print("调用子类的method")

    def printStr(self):
        print("方法被重写了， 子类的printStr")

    def testChildExtends(self):
        print("测试python继承多个类testChildExtends")


class Other(Child, Parent):
    def __init__(self):
        print("other 构造方法")


print("-------------------------------------------------------------" * 2)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 调用父类的构造方法
    parent = Parent()
    child = Child()
    parent.parentMethod()

    # 子类可以调用父类的方法
    child.parentMethod()
    child.setAttr(999)
    parent.getAttr()
    child.getAttr()
    # 方法重写
    child.printStr()

    # 测试python继承多了类
    other = Other()
    other.testParentExtends()
    other.testChildExtends()


            
          

3：Python Gui

            
              from tkinter import *

root = Tk()
root.title("Python")
root.geometry("400x300")


def click(event):
    Message(root, text="点你咋的").pack()


text = Text(width=30, height=3)
btn = Button(root, text="你点我下试试")
btn.bind("
              
                ", click)

text.pack()
btn.pack()
root.mainloop()


              
            
          

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